Minor ankle sprains
Understanding this condition
Ankle sprain is the most common injury in orthopaedics. It is a stretching, or even a partial tear, of the lateral ligaments of the ankle. The typical mechanism is an inward twist of the foot in plantarflexion, stressing the anterior talo-fibular ligament (most often affected).
Minor sprains correspond to stretching without complete ligament rupture. They heal in the vast majority of cases with appropriate treatment.
Symptoms
Immediate pain on the outer aspect of the ankle, rapid swelling, and bruising appearing in the following hours (often visible below the malleolus). Walking is possible but painful.
Clinical examination distinguishes a minor sprain from a severe sprain. X-rays are taken if an associated fracture is suspected.
How can it progress?
A poorly managed sprain leaves sequelae: chronic pain, stiffness, and above all instability with a risk of repeated sprains (chronic ankle instability). The ligament heals in a poor position and the ankle remains fragile.
The rehabilitation phase after a sprain, even a minor one, is essential. It is what prevents recurrence.
Treatment options
Treatment is based on the "RICE" protocol: Rest, Ice, Compression (strapping or orthosis), Elevation. Analgesics. Progressive return to weight-bearing as soon as pain allows.
Physiotherapy is essential from the acute phase: recovery of mobility, then proprioceptive rehabilitation (balance and weight-bearing re-training) to prevent recurrence. A consultation allows assessment of severity and guidance of rehabilitation.